The advanced technologies transforming weapons detection

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International Security Journal hears from Bill Frain, CEO, Liberty Defense.

In an era marked by escalating terrorism, political instability and an alarming rise in mass shootings, screening technologies for weapons detection have become a focal point.

Weapons detection has traditionally relied on the use of metal detectors, which have served as the backbone of screening for decades.

Despite their effectiveness, the utility of metal detectors has diminished.

This is due to the increased prevalence of personal electronic devices as well as the diversity of modern threats.

As the array of modern threats that can take a far broader range of form factors continues to grow, it is crucial that screening technologies are capable of identifying not only today’s broader range of threats, but also those of tomorrow.

The adaptation of offenders to traditional metal detection methods has led to a proliferation of non-metal threats. There are a variety of weapons and other dangerous items that do not contain metal.

Not only can sharp, blunt and explosive objects crafted from plastic, ceramic and glass evade metal detectors, but explosive liquids, powders and gels can easily bypass conventional metal detectors.

The accessibility of 3D-printing technology further complicates this scenario, allowing virtually anyone to produce unregistered, operational firearms. 3D-printed plastic firearms, often referred to as “ghost guns,” also pose a significant challenge to established security infrastructure.

The role of AI

Innovations in the weapons detection sector are promising.

Technologies like advanced 3D imaging and AI are all being integrated into new systems.

These advancements enhance security and improve the overall experience of security screening, making it more efficient and precise, yet less intrusive.

While smart metal detectors incorporating AI have improved detection capabilities, their scope remains limited to metal targets.

To go beyond the detection of metal targets, the next generation of detection technologies will likely rely more on radio frequency or millimetre-wave technology, which can detect both metal and non-metal items.

Millimetre-wave technology allows for the collection of numerous data points, facilitating the creation of real time 3D radar images.

AI and deep learning algorithms can then use this data to distinguish potential threats from benign items, enhancing detection capabilities and streamlining the screening process.

This technological shift eliminates the need for the divestment of harmless items, reducing delays and improving the overall efficiency of security operations.

High stakes facilities with high security needs

The adoption of advanced weapons detection technologies is most pronounced in sectors where security is paramount.

High security buildings, prisons, correctional facilities, government offices, national laboratories, airports and other ports of entry are among the properties leading the way in implementing robust protection measures.

Niche areas within these sectors are poised to see innovation as well, such as the enhanced screening of aviation workers.

Mitigation of insider threats is top of mind at airports throughout the US following an uptick in TSA confiscations of firearms and drugs.

Major airports are at the forefront of embracing advanced detection technologies. The federal mandate for employee screening at major airports by April 2026 underscores the industry’s commitment to comprehensive security.

Secondly, the implementation of a layered security approach in airports, which would involve screening people at the perimeter of the airport as they enter the terminals, is being evaluated for an overall secure airport setting.

Both of these approaches require innovative tech to provide enhanced detection and frictionless screening in order to achieve industry-wide adoption.

The impact on security staff

The integration of AI into security systems has the potential to transform the role of security personnel as well. AI can reduce false alarms and minimise the need for extensive pat-downs.

By providing security professionals with better tools and information, AI empowers them to perform their duties more effectively.

Improved visual analytics and sensor technologies enable security staff to analyse data more quickly and comprehensively.

AI-based systems also operate without the inherent biases that human operators might have, promoting fairness and objectivity in security assessments.

The positive impact of AI not only enhances the capabilities of security staff but also contributes to a more reliable, efficient and equitable security environment.

The future of weapons detection screening

The evolving landscape of threats and the limitations of traditional metal detectors necessitates a transformative approach to weapons detection.

Advanced technologies such as AI, 3D imaging and millimetre-wave technology are at the forefront of this evolution, offering enhanced detection capabilities and streamlined security processes.

These innovations are particularly crucial in high stakes environments like airports and government facilities, where robust security measures are imperative.

Integrating AI makes security operations more efficient and less intrusive, empowering staff with better tools and information.

As we move forward, the continued advancement and adoption of these technologies will be vital in ensuring comprehensive and effective security measures in an increasingly complex threat landscape.

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